Category: thiazines

Recommanded Product: 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride. Authors Yang, X; Cheng, Q; Monnier, V; Charles, L; Karoui, H; Ouari, O; Gigmes, D; Wang, RB; Kermagoret, A; Bardelang, D in WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH published article about in [Yang, Xue; Charles, Laurence; Karoui, Hakim; Ouari, Olivier; Gigmes, Didier; Kermagoret, Anthony; Bardelang, David] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, Marseille, France; [Cheng, Qian; Wang, Ruibing] Univ Macau, Inst Chinese Med Sci, State Key Lab Qual Res Chinese Med, Ave Univ, Taipa, Macau, Peoples R China; [Monnier, Valerie] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Cent Marseille, FSCM,Spectropole, Marseille, France in 2021.0, Cited 87.0. The Name is 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 56-17-7

Molecular machines are ubiquitous in nature and function away from equilibrium by consuming fuels to produce appropriate work. Chemists have recently excelled at mimicking the fantastic job performed by natural molecular machines with synthetic systems soluble in organic solvents. In efforts toward analogous systems working in water, we show that guest molecules can be exchanged in the synthetic macrocycle cucurbit[7]uril by involving kinetic traps, and in such a way as modulating energy wells and kinetic barriers using pH, light, and redox stimuli. Ditolyl-viologen can also be exchanged using the best kinetic trap and interfaced with alginate, thus affording pH-responsive blue, fluorescent hydrogels. With tunable rate and binding constants toward relevant guests, cucurbiturils may become excellent ring molecules for the construction of advanced molecular machines working in water.

Welcome to talk about 56-17-7, If you have any questions, you can contact Yang, X; Cheng, Q; Monnier, V; Charles, L; Karoui, H; Ouari, O; Gigmes, D; Wang, RB; Kermagoret, A; Bardelang, D or send Email.. Recommanded Product: 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride

Reference:
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
,Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

I found the field of Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy very interesting. Saw the article Dual activatable self-assembled nanotheranostics for bioimaging and photodynamic therapy published in 2020.0. Quality Control of 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride, Reprint Addresses Yang, HY (corresponding author), Jilin Inst Chem Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Jilin 132022, Jilin, Peoples R China.; Lee, DS (corresponding author), Sungkyunkwan Univ, Theranost Macromol Res Ctr, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea.; Lee, DS (corresponding author), Sungkyunkwan Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea.; Lee, JH (corresponding author), Sungkyunkwan Univ, Samsung Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Seoul 06351, South Korea.; Lee, JH (corresponding author), Samsung Biomed Res Inst, Ctr Mol & Cellular Imaging, Seoul 06351, South Korea.. The CAS is 56-17-7. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride

Multifunctional nanosystems that can transport therapeutic and diagnostic agents into tumor sites and activate their respective functions via tumor-microenvironment recognition are highly desirable for clinical applications. We fabricated pH and redox dual-activatable self-assembled nanotheranostics (named as DA-SNs) via coordination-driven self-assembly of chlorin e6 (Ce6) disulfide-linked pH sensitive polymer ligand, poly (isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride-graft-methoxy-poly (ethyleneglycol)-graft-imidazole-graft-Cystamine-Ce6) [PIMA-mPEG-API-SS-Ce6], and gadolinium ions (Gd3+). DA-SNs exhibited uniform particle size of similar to 48 nm, excellent stability, and inherent biosafety. Negatively charged DA-SNs could prolong blood circulation time (t(1/2) = 2.91 h) and improve tumor accumulation. Moreover, DA-SNs could undergo surface charge switch from negative charge to positive one in a slightly acidic tumor extracellular environment (pH 6.8), thus enhancing cellular uptake. After entering tumor cells, fluorescence, photodynamic therapeutic activity, and T1MR contrast from DA-SNs could be activated within this intracellular environment with lowered pH and high level of GSH. Importantly, human tumors implanted in mice could be successfully visualized via distinct pH and redox dual-sensitive T1MR contrast and fluorescence imaging, indicating that DA-SNs could serve as a dual-modal MR/fluorescence imaging probe for tumor-targeting diagnosis. In addition, DA-SNs exhibited superior photodynamic therapeutic efficiency with negligible side effects. Therefore, this DA-SN shows great promise for synergistic photodynamic therapy and diagnostic imaging.

Bye, fridends, I hope you can learn more about C4H14Cl2N2S2, If you have any questions, you can browse other blog as well. See you lster.. Quality Control of 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride

Reference:
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
,Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

Name: 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride. Recently I am researching about CYANINE DYES; IN-VIVO; PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY; CANCER; NANOPARTICLES; RELEASE; NANOMEDICINE; CHEMOTHERAPY; DOXORUBICIN; METASTASES, Saw an article supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFA0201400]; Beijing Natural Science Foundation, Haidian, original innovation joint fund [17L20170]; National Project for Research and Development of Major Scientific Instruments [81727803]; Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [81421004]. Published in IVYSPRING INT PUBL in LAKE HAVEN ,Authors: Mo, SY; Zhang, XT; Hameed, S; Zhou, YM; Dai, ZF. The CAS is 56-17-7. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging has been proved as an effective modality in identifying the tumor border and distinguishing the tumor cells from healthy tissue during the oncological surgery. Developing NIR fluorescent probes with high tumor to background (T/B) signal is essential for the complete debulking of the tumor, which will prolong the survival rate of tumor patients. However, the nonspecific binding and always-on properties of the conventional fluorescent probes leads to high background signals and poor specificity. Method: To address this problem, glutathione (GSH)-responsive, two disulfide-bonded dicyanine dyes (ss-diCy5 and ss-diNH800CW) were synthesized. As synthesized dyes are quenched under normal physiological conditions, however, once reached to the tumor site, these dyes are capable of emitting strong fluorescence signals primarily because of the cleavage of the disulfide bond in the tumor microenvironment with high GSH concentration. Besides, the GSH-responsive behavior of these dyes was monitored using the UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The diagnostic accuracy of the aforementioned dyes was also tested both in tumor cells and 4T1-bearing mice. Results: The fluorescence signal intensity of disulfide dicyanine dyes was quenched up to 89% compared to the mono cyanine dyes, thus providing a very low fluorescence background. However, when the disulfide dicyanine dye reaches the tumor site, the dicyanine is cleaved by GSH into two mono-dyes with high fluorescence strength, thus producing strong fluorescent signals upon excitation. The fluorescent signal of the dicyanine was enhanced by up to 27-fold after interacting with the GSH solution. In vivo xenografts tumor studies further revealed that the fluorescence signals of aforementioned dyes can be quickly recovered in the solid tumor. Conclusion: In summary, the disulfide dicyanines dyes can provide a promising platform for specific tumor-activatable fluorescence imaging with improved T/B value.

Welcome to talk about 56-17-7, If you have any questions, you can contact Mo, SY; Zhang, XT; Hameed, S; Zhou, YM; Dai, ZF or send Email.. Name: 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride

Reference:
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
,Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

I found the field of Polymer Science very interesting. Saw the article Self-Healing Solid Polymer Electrolyte Facilitated by a Dynamic Cross-Linked Polymer Matrix for Lithium-Ion Batteries published in 2020.0. Quality Control of 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride, Reprint Addresses Xue, ZG (corresponding author), Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Key Lab Mat Chem Energy Convers & Storage, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.. The CAS is 56-17-7. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride

Compared with liquid electrolytes, the solid polymer electrolyte (SPE), which possesses improved thermal and mechanical stability, is believed the broadest potential application for satisfying the safety needs of advanced electro-chemical devices. However, some breakable SPEs could lead to catastrophic failure of batteries that triggered by a short circuit. In the present contribution, a new class of SPE containing disulfide bonds and urea groups is reported. The hydrogen bonding between the urea groups and disulfide metathesis reaction endows the SPE with a high level of self-healing without external stimuli at room temperature as well as ultrafast self-healing at elevated temperatures. The completely healed SPE with extreme damage shows a high self-healing efficiency and no changes in the ionic conductivity and cycling performance of the solid-state lithium-metal/LiFePO4 cell compared to the pristine one.

Quality Control of 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride. Bye, fridends, I hope you can learn more about C4H14Cl2N2S2, If you have any questions, you can browse other blog as well. See you lster.

Reference:
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
,Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

Authors Saxena, R; Srivastav, S in ELSEVIER published article about in [Saxena, Rahul; Srivastav, Sudha] Jaypee Inst Informat Technol, Dept Biotechnol, Nanobiotechnol Lab, A-10 Sect 62, Noida 201309, UP, India in 2019.0, Cited 10.0. Formula: C4H14Cl2N2S2. The Name is 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 56-17-7

We present a sensitive single step nanobiosensor for thyroid disease diagnosis. Nanoparticles modified screen printed carbon electrode catalyzes the formation of peptide bond between anti-TSH antibody and amino coated gold nanoparticles rendering a covalently coupled antibody. The nanobiosensor detects and quantifies the thyroid stimulating hormone in the sample by sensing the effective resistance offered by electrode. As the TSH concentration increases in serum sample, more is the immunocomplex formed and higher is the resistance offered by electrode. Gold nanoparticles functionalization with cystamine dihydrochloride facilitates a covalent bonding between surface amino group and carboxylic Fc ensuring maximizing available active antibody. This strategy ensures a much lower limit of detection in addition to improved detection range due to increased loading capacity as a result of larger effective surface area offered by gold nanoparticles. These two aspects of immunosensor fabrication resulted in limit of detection as low as 0.001 mu IU/mL and an enhanced detection range of 0.001-150 mu IU/mL. This makes the developed immunosensor suitable for diagnostic purpose covering the clinically relevant range and a simple detection technique makes it potential candidate for fabrication of a Point-of-Care device for detection of Thyroid dysfunctioning. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Bye, fridends, I hope you can learn more about C4H14Cl2N2S2, If you have any questions, you can browse other blog as well. See you lster.. Formula: C4H14Cl2N2S2

Reference:
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
,Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

COA of Formula: C4H14Cl2N2S2. David, CI; Bhuvanesh, N; Jayaraj, H; Thamilselvan, A; Devi, DP; Abiram, A; Prabhu, J; Nandhakumar, R in [Devi, Duraisamy Parimala; Abiram, Angamuthu] Karunya Inst Technol & Sci Deemed Be Univ, Dept Phys, Coimbatore 641114, Tamil Nadu, India; [David, Charles Immanuel; Bhuvanesh, Nanjan; Jayaraj, Haritha; Prabhu, Jeyaraj; Nandhakumar, Raju] Karunya Inst Technol & Sci Deemed Be Univ, Dept Chem, Coimbatore 641114, Tamil Nadu, India; [Thamilselvan, Annadurai] CSIR, Electro Organ Div, Cent Electrochem Res Inst, CECRI, Karaikkudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India published Experimental and Theoretical Studies on a Simple S-S-Bridged Dimeric Schiff Base: Selective Chromo-Fluorogenic Chemosensor for Nanomolar Detection of Fe2+ & Al3+ Ions and Its Varied Applications in 2020.0, Cited 105.0. The Name is 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 56-17-7.

A simple S-S (disulfide)-bridged dimeric Schiff base probe, L, has been designed, synthesized, and successfully characterized for the specific recognition of Al3+ and Fe2+ ions as fluorometric and colorimetric turn-on responses in a dimethylformamide (DMF)-H2O solvent mixture, respectively. The probe L and each metal ion bind through a 1:1 complex stoichiometry, and the plausible sensing mechanism is proposed based on the inhibition of the photoinduced electron transfer process (PET). The reversible chemosensor L showed high sensitivity toward Al3+ and Fe2+ ions, which was analyzed by fluorescence and UV-vis spectroscopy techniques up to nanomolar detection limits, 38.26 X 10(-9) and 17.54 x 10(-9) M, respectively. These experimental details were advocated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The practical utility of the chemosensor L was further demonstrated in electrochemical sensing, in vitro antimicrobial activity, molecular logic gate function, and quantification of the trace amount of Al3+ and Fe2+ ions in real water samples.

Welcome to talk about 56-17-7, If you have any questions, you can contact David, CI; Bhuvanesh, N; Jayaraj, H; Thamilselvan, A; Devi, DP; Abiram, A; Prabhu, J; Nandhakumar, R or send Email.. COA of Formula: C4H14Cl2N2S2

Reference:
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
,Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

Product Details of 56-17-7. In 2020.0 THERANOSTICS published article about CYANINE DYES; IN-VIVO; PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY; CANCER; NANOPARTICLES; RELEASE; NANOMEDICINE; CHEMOTHERAPY; DOXORUBICIN; METASTASES in [Mo, Shanyan; Zhang, Xiaoting; Hameed, Sadaf; Zhou, Yiming; Dai, Zhifei] Peking Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Coll Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China; [Mo, Shanyan] Beijing Univ Technol, Coll Life Sci & Bioengn, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China in 2020.0, Cited 58.0. The Name is 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 56-17-7.

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging has been proved as an effective modality in identifying the tumor border and distinguishing the tumor cells from healthy tissue during the oncological surgery. Developing NIR fluorescent probes with high tumor to background (T/B) signal is essential for the complete debulking of the tumor, which will prolong the survival rate of tumor patients. However, the nonspecific binding and always-on properties of the conventional fluorescent probes leads to high background signals and poor specificity. Method: To address this problem, glutathione (GSH)-responsive, two disulfide-bonded dicyanine dyes (ss-diCy5 and ss-diNH800CW) were synthesized. As synthesized dyes are quenched under normal physiological conditions, however, once reached to the tumor site, these dyes are capable of emitting strong fluorescence signals primarily because of the cleavage of the disulfide bond in the tumor microenvironment with high GSH concentration. Besides, the GSH-responsive behavior of these dyes was monitored using the UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The diagnostic accuracy of the aforementioned dyes was also tested both in tumor cells and 4T1-bearing mice. Results: The fluorescence signal intensity of disulfide dicyanine dyes was quenched up to 89% compared to the mono cyanine dyes, thus providing a very low fluorescence background. However, when the disulfide dicyanine dye reaches the tumor site, the dicyanine is cleaved by GSH into two mono-dyes with high fluorescence strength, thus producing strong fluorescent signals upon excitation. The fluorescent signal of the dicyanine was enhanced by up to 27-fold after interacting with the GSH solution. In vivo xenografts tumor studies further revealed that the fluorescence signals of aforementioned dyes can be quickly recovered in the solid tumor. Conclusion: In summary, the disulfide dicyanines dyes can provide a promising platform for specific tumor-activatable fluorescence imaging with improved T/B value.

Welcome to talk about 56-17-7, If you have any questions, you can contact Mo, SY; Zhang, XT; Hameed, S; Zhou, YM; Dai, ZF or send Email.. Product Details of 56-17-7

Reference:
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
,Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

I found the field of Polymer Science very interesting. Saw the article Thermo- and redox-responsive dumbbell-shaped copolymers: from structure design to the LCST-UCST transition published in 2020.0. Formula: C4H14Cl2N2S2, Reprint Addresses Zou, H (corresponding author), Hefei Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Hefei 230009, Anhui, Peoples R China.; Zou, H (corresponding author), Hefei Univ Technol, Anhui Key Lab Adv Catalyt Mat & React Engn, Hefei 230009, Anhui, Peoples R China.; Yuan, WZ (corresponding author), Tongji Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 201804, Peoples R China.. The CAS is 56-17-7. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride

A dumbbell-shaped copolymer (PDMAEMA)(4)-PCL-SS-PCL-(PDMAEMA)(4) with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and redox responses was first synthesized by the combination of ring opening polymerization (ROP), click chemistry and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Then a dumbbell-shaped copolymer (PDMAPS)(4)-PCL-SS-PCL-(PDMAPS)(4) with an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) and redox responses was obtained through the quaternization reaction between DMAEMA and excess 1,3-propane sultone. Both (PDMAEMA)(4)-PCL-SS-PCL-(PDMAEMA)(4) and (PDMAPS)(4)-PCL-SS-PCL-(PDMAPS)(4) were amphiphilic, and they could self-assemble into spherical micelles under certain conditions. Benefitting from the LCST-type thermoresponse of PDMAEMA and UCST-type thermoresponse of PDMAPS, both dumbbell-shaped copolymers (PDMAEMA)(4)-PCL-SS-PCL-(PDMAEMA)(4) and (PDMAPS)(4)-PCL-SS-PCL-(PDMAPS)(4) presented temperature-responsive properties. The morphology and size of their assemblies would be changed when the temperature is altered. Meanwhile, due to the redox-response of disulfide bonds, both (PDMAEMA)(4)-PCL-SS-PCL-(PDMAEMA)(4) and (PDMAPS)(4)-PCL-SS-PCL-(PDMAPS)(4) showed redox-responsive properties. When dl-dithiothreitol (DTT) was added into the systems, disulfide bonds were broken, causing the change of (PDMAEMA)(4)-PCL-SS-PCL-(PDMAEMA)(4) to PCL-(PDMAEMA)(4), while (PDMAPS)(4)-PCL-SS-PCL-(PDMAPS)(4) changed into PCL-(PDMAPS)(4). The distributions of R-h for both (PDMAEMA)(4)-PCL-SS-PCL-(PDMAEMA)(4) and (PDMAPS)(4)-PCL-SS-PCL-(PDMAPS)(4) assemblies broadened with asymmetric peaks, giving rise to curves with double peaks. After 24 h, DLS curves became symmetric with a single peak, and the R-h was about half that of the original assemblies. In the meantime, dispersed spherical micelles could be observed by TEM.

Formula: C4H14Cl2N2S2. Bye, fridends, I hope you can learn more about C4H14Cl2N2S2, If you have any questions, you can browse other blog as well. See you lster.

Reference:
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
,Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

An article Modular core-shell polymeric nanoparticles mimicking viral structures for vaccination WOS:000454022400005 published article about END GROUP REMOVAL; DENDRITIC CELLS; DELIVERY-SYSTEMS; OVALBUMIN; NANOGELS; ANTIGENS; SIZE; PH; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNOTHERAPY in [Lou, Bo; Boonstra, Eger; Li, Dandan; Mastrobattista, Enrico; Hennink, Wim E.] Univ Utrecht, Utrecht Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Pharmaceut, NL-3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands; [De Beuckelaer, Ans; De Koker, Stefaan] Univ Ghent, Dept Biomed Mol Biol, Lab Mol Immunol, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium; [De Geest, Bruno G.] Univ Ghent, Dept Pharmaceut, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium in 2019.0, Cited 63.0. The Name is 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 56-17-7. Quality Control of 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride

Recent advances in the development of protein-based vaccines have expanded the opportunities for preventing and treating both infectious diseases as well as cancer. However, the development of readily and efficient antigen delivery systems capable of stimulating strong cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses remains a challenge. With the attempt to closely mimic the properties of viruses in terms of their size and molecular organization, we constructed RNA (which is a ligand for Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR8) and antigen-loaded nanoparticles resembling the structural organization of viruses. Cationic polymers containing either azide or bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne (BCN) groups were synthesized as electrostatic glue that binds negatively charged single stranded RNA (PolyU) to form a self-crosslinked polyplex core. An azide-modified model antigen (ovalbumin, OVA) and a BCN-modified mannosylated or galactosylated polymer were sequentially conjugated to the RNA core via disulfide bonds using copper free click chemistry to form the shell of the polyplexes. The generated reducible virus mimicking particles (VMPs) with a diameter of 200 nm and negatively surface charge (-14 mV) were colloidally stable in physiological conditions. The immunogenicity of these VMP vaccines was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. The surface mannosylated VMPs (VMP-Man) showed 5 times higher cellular uptake by bone marrow derived DCs (BMDCs) compared to galactosylated VMP (VMP-Gal) counterpart. Moreover, VMP-Man efficiently activated DCs and greatly facilitated MHC I Ag presentation in vitro. Vaccination of mice with VMP-Man elicited strong OVA-specific CTL responses as well as humoral immune responses. These results demonstrate that the modular core-shell polymeric nanoparticles described in this paper are superior in inducing strong and durable immune responses compared to adjuvanted protein subunit vaccines and offer therefore a flexible platform for personalized vaccines.

Quality Control of 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride. Welcome to talk about 56-17-7, If you have any questions, you can contact Lou, B; De Beuckelaer, A; Boonstra, E; Li, DD; De Geest, BG; De Koker, S; Mastrobattista, E; Hennink, WE or send Email.

Reference:
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
,Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

In 2020.0 J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA published article about MESOPOROUS SILICA NANOPARTICLES; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE; PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY; COMBINATION THERAPY; CANCER-THERAPY; DELIVERY; NANOMEDICINE; STRATEGIES in [Lo, Pui-Chi] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Biomed Sci, Kowloon, Tat Chee Ave, Hong Kong, Peoples R China; City Univ Hong Kong, Shenzhen Res Inst, Shenzhen 518057, Peoples R China in 2020.0, Cited 31.0. The Name is 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 56-17-7. Formula: C4H14Cl2N2S2

Doxorubicin (DOX) resistance, which results in a reduced accumulation of DOX in the nucleus and hence decreased DNA damage, is a major challenge for chemotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma. In this paper, we combined chemotherapy with photodynamic therapy (PDT) to combat DOX-resistant human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. We have prepared the polymeric micelles conjugating with DOX and zinc(II) phthalocyanine (ZnPc) through a pH-responsive hydrazone linker and a glutathione (GSH)-responsive disulfide linker, respectively. The polymeric micelles (DOX-ZnPc-micelles) exhibited a spherical shape with a size of about 98 mn diameter and showed excellent stability in aqueous solution. Due to the self-quenching of the ZnPc inside the micelles, DOX-ZnPc-micelles did not emit fluorescence upon red light irradiation. Drug release experiments verified that DOX and ZnPc could be released under acidic conditions and reducing environments, respectively. A higher concentration of DOX was internalized into DOX-resistant R-HepG2 cells through the delivery of polymeric micelles when compared with the free DOX, hence DOX-ZnPc-micelles exhibited a significant enhancement in anticancer activity. The IC50 value of DOX against R-HepG2 cells was found to be 21 mu M when combined with PDT and it was 5-fold less than that of a single treatment of DOX (102 mu M). The DOX-ZnPc-micelles could induce cell apoptosis and necrosis on R-HepG2 cells by combined therapeutic modalities, while these micelles induced only apoptosis on IiepG2 cells. We have demonstrated that utilization of polymeric micelles can significantly enhance the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of DOX against R-HepG2 cells when compared with free DOX. Moreover, PDT can act as an adjuvant therapeutic modality and combine with chemotherapy to further improve therapeutic efficacy. Overall speaking, DOX-ZnPc-micelles can overcome DOX resistance and induce a synergistic therapeutic effect against DOX-resistant R-HepG2 cells, hence improving the therapeutic efficacy when compared with monotherapy.

Welcome to talk about 56-17-7, If you have any questions, you can contact Gao, D; Lo, PC or send Email.. Formula: C4H14Cl2N2S2

Reference:
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
,Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem