Category: 1910-85-6

Chemistry can be defined as the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Formula: C12H8ClNS. You¡¯ll sometimes hear it called the central science because it is the connection between physics and all the other sciences, starting with biology.1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, molecular formula is C12H8ClNS, introducing its new discovery.

Is Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Effective for Microbial Load Reduction in Peri-implantitis Treatment? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the microbiological alteration beneficial to peri-implantitis treatment. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42017064215. Bibliographic databases including Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed were searched from inception to 8 January 2017. The search strategy was assembled from the following MeSH Terms: ?Photochemotherapy,? ?Dental Implants? and ?Peri-Implantitis.? Unspecific free-text words and related terms were also included. The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias of included studies. The random-effect model was chosen, and heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 test. Three studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis demonstrated an association between aPDT and reduction in viable bacteria counts for: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (OR = 1.31; confidence interval = 1.13, 1.49; P < 0.00001), Porphyromonas gingivalis (OR = 4.08; confidence interval = 3.22, 4.94; P < 0.00001) and Prevotella intermedia (OR = 1.66; confidence interval = 1.06, 2.26; P < 0.00001). A aPDT appears to be effective in bacterial load reduction in peri-implantitis and has a positive potential as an alternative therapy for peri-implantitis. Because enzymes can increase reaction rates by enormous factors and tend to be very specific, Formula: C12H8ClNS, typically producing only a single product in quantitative yield, they are the focus of active research.you can also check out more blogs about Formula: C12H8ClNS

Reference£º
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

Synthetic Route of 1910-85-6, Catalysts are substances that increase the reaction rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. 1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, molecular formula is C12H8ClNS. In a Review, authors is Albaker, Abdulaziz M.£¬once mentioned of 1910-85-6

Effect of photodynamic and laser therapy in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis: A systematic review

Background The present study systematically reviewed the literature to investigate the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) or laser therapy (LT) in the management of peri-implant mucositis (p-iM). Methods The electronic databases were searched until October 2017. Outcome measures were bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index (PI), or probing depth (PD). The addressed PICO question was: ?Is PDT and LT effective in the management of p-iM?? Results A total of five studies included in the qualitative analysis, two of which had a low risk of bias. Three studies used PDT while two studies used LT. All studies reported a significant improvement in clinical peri-implant inflammatory parameters in p-iM. For PDT, one study demonstrated a significant reduction for PDT group as compared to manual debridement (MD), while one study indicated comparable outcomes when tested with probiotics at follow-up. One study used PDT alone and indicated significant improvements in peri-implant parameters at follow-up. However, in the studies using LT, one study demonstrated a significant improvement in peri-implant parameters as compared to scaling and root planing alone, while other study indicated comparable outcomes when compared with manual debridement/chlorhexidine group at follow-up. Conclusion This systematic review demonstrated inconclusive findings to show the effect of PDT or LT in the management of p-iM due to methodological heterogeneity such as non-standard control groups, laser parameters and short follow-up period. The results of this review should be considered preliminary and further, more robust, well-designed studies with long-term follow up and standardized comparators with laser parameters are warranted.

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Reference£º
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, belongs to thiazines compound, COA of Formula: C12H8ClNS, is a common compound. In an article, once mentioned the new application about 1910-85-6.

Learning from clinical phenotypes: Low-dose biophotonics therapies in oral diseases

This narrative review on the use of biophotonics therapies for management of oral diseases is written as a tribute to Prof. Crispian Scully. His seminal contributions to the field are highlighted by the detailed, comprehensive description of clinical presentations of oral diseases. This has enabled a more thorough, fundamental understanding of many of these pathologies by research from his group as well as inspired mechanistic investigations in many groups globally. In the same vein, a major emphasis of this narrative review is to focus on the evidence from human case reports rather than in vitro or in vivo animal studies that showcases the growing and broad impact of biophotonics therapies. The similarities and differences between two distinct forms of low-dose biophotonics treatments namely photodynamic therapy and photobiomodulation therapy are discussed. As evident in this review, a majority of these reports provide promising evidence for their clinical efficacy. However, a lack of adequate technical details, precise biological rationale, and limited outcome measures limits the current utility of these treatments. Future investigations should attempt to address these shortcomings and develop better designed, rigorous, controlled studies to fully harness the tremendous potential of low-dose biophotonics therapies.

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Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

One of the major reasons for studying chemical kinetics is to use measurements of the macroscopic properties of a system, such as the rate of change in the concentration of reactants or products with time. Application In Synthesis of 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, In a article, mentioned the application of 1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, molecular formula is C12H8ClNS

Efficacy of photodynamic therapy as adjunct treatment of chronic periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Meta-analysis of treatment effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) adjunct to non-surgical scaling and root planing (SRP) in comparison to SRP alone on patients with chronic periodontitis. The meta-analysis was performed according to PRISMA statement and Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. Electronic search complemented by hand search assured a high yield of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of aPDT as adjunct modality to SRP. Differences in probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals and pooled in a random effects model. Analysis for intra- and inter-study heterogeneity was provided by chi2 and I2 tests, and publication bias was checked by funnel plots. Pooled overall effects of 26 RCTs attested significant benefits of aPDT adjunct to SRP with respect to PD reduction (MD 0.37; 95% CI 0.12?0.53; P < 0.0001) and CAL gain (MD 0.33; 95% CI 0.19?0.48; P < 0.00001) after 3 and 6?months. Sensitivity analysis minimized heterogeneity of PD reduction (MD 0.21; 95% CI 0.13?0.30; P < 0.00001) and CAL gain (MD 0.36; 95% CI 0.27?0.46). aPDT adjunct to SRP provides significant PD reduction and CAL gain in treatment of chronic periodontitis. This moderate effect was found after 3 and 6?months which is short from a clinical perspective. If you are interested in 1910-85-6, you can contact me at any time and look forward to more communication. Application In Synthesis of 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine

Reference£º
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

Application of 1910-85-6, Catalysts are substances that increase the reaction rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. 1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, molecular formula is C12H8ClNS. In a Article, authors is Voegerl, Katharina£¬once mentioned of 1910-85-6

Synthesis and Biological Investigation of Phenothiazine-Based Benzhydroxamic Acids as Selective Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitors

The phenothiazine system was identified as a favorable cap group for potent and selective histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitors. Here, we report the preparation and systematic variation of phenothiazines and their analogues containing a benzhydroxamic acid moiety as the zinc-binding group. We evaluated their ability to selectively inhibit HDAC6 by a recombinant HDAC enzyme assay, by determining the protein acetylation levels in cells by western blotting (tubulin vs histone acetylation), and by assessing their effects on various cancer cell lines. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that incorporation of a nitrogen atom into the phenothiazine framework results in increased potency and selectivity for HDAC6 (more than 500-fold selectivity relative to the inhibition of HDAC1, HDAC4, and HDAC8), as rationalized by molecular modeling and docking studies. The binding mode was confirmed by co-crystallization of the potent azaphenothiazine inhibitor with catalytic domain 2 from Danio rerio HDAC6.

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Reference£º
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, belongs to thiazines compound, Product Details of 1910-85-6, is a common compound. In an article, once mentioned the new application about 1910-85-6.

Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy has an overt killing effect on periodontal pathogens? A systematic review of experimental studies

The periodontal disease (PD) etiology is mainly associated with some bacterial strains, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). Nonsurgical root scaling (e.g., antibiotics) may achieve a temporary decrease in the P. gingivalis level, yet it cannot eradicate the microorganism. Moreover, antibiotics can lead to bacterial resistance and undesirable side effects. This systematic review was performed to identify animal data defining antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PACT) role on experimental PD models in the treatment of P. gingivalis. Embase, MEDLINE, and PubMed were examined for studies published from January 1980 to August 2018. MeSH terms and Scopus data were used to find more related keywords. Four studies were selected and reviewed by two independent researches with a structured tool for rating the research quality. The beneficial effect of PACT included reductions in P. gingivalis counts, bleeding on probing, redness, and inflammation on multiple sites (i.e., first molar, dental implants; subgingival; and mandibular premolars). Although our results suggest that PACT displays antimicrobial action on P. gingivalis, thus improving the PD, a nonuniformity in the PACT protocol and the limited number of studies included lead to consider that the bactericidal efficacy of PACT against periodontal pathogens in PD remains unclear.

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Reference£º
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

Synthetic Route of 1910-85-6, Catalysts are substances that increase the reaction rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. 1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, molecular formula is C12H8ClNS. In a Review, authors is Akram, Zohaib£¬once mentioned of 1910-85-6

Clinical efficacy of photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among cigarette smokers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of adjunctive photodynamic therapy (PDT) as compared to scaling and root planing (SRP) alone in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among cigarette smokers. Methods: Electronic databases including EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to January 2019. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with data on comparison between adjunctive PDT compared to SRP in each group were included. Primary outcomes included clinical attachment level (CAL) gain, while secondary outcomes was probing depth (PD) reduction. The weighted mean differences (WMD) of outcomes and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each variable were calculated using random and fixed effect models. Results: A total of 5 RCTs were included. Two clinical trials were classified as having a low risk of bias and 3 clinical trials as high risk of bias. The overall effect for CAL gain (WMD= ?0.088, 95% CI= ?0.40 to 0.23, p = 0.58) and PD reduction (WMD= -0.35, 95% CI= -0.87 to -0.17, p = 0.18) was not statistically significant between PDT and SRP groups at follow-up, respectively. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it remains debatable whether PDT as an adjunct to SRP is more effective in clinical attachment level gain as compared to SRP alone in cigarette smokers given that the available scientific evidence is weak.

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Reference£º
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

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Adjunctive use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws: A case report

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws is a delayed healing condition commonly recognized as a serious adverse effect of antiresorptive therapy and is particularly associated with aminobisphosphonate treatment. In the present report, a 62-year-old osteoporotic female patient treated with intramuscular injections of clodronate for 3 years exhibited clinical signs of exposed necrotic bone and inflamed mucosa 4 months after tooth extractions in the mandibular interforaminal region. The treatment consisted of sequestrectomy, open-flap debridement, and adjunctive use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy to decontaminate the affected hard and soft tissues. Successful results were obtained and maintained from both clinical and radiological aspects. No recurrence was observed up to 6 months of follow-up.

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Reference£º
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

Chemistry can be defined as the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Formula: C12H8ClNS. You¡¯ll sometimes hear it called the central science because it is the connection between physics and all the other sciences, starting with biology.1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine, molecular formula is C12H8ClNS, introducing its new discovery.

Antimicrobial efficacy of photodynamic therapy and light-activated disinfection against bacterial species on titanium dental implants

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and light-activated disinfection (LAD) against a 3-day-old bacterial suspension prepared from three different bacterial species present on titanium dental implants, and to analyze the possible alterations of the implant surfaces as a result of the PDT and LAD. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 72 titanium dental implants contaminated with a bacterial suspension prepared from three bacterial species: Prevotella intermedia, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The contaminated implants were incubated under anaerobic conditions for 72 hours and then were randomly divided into four experimental groups and two control groups (n = 12 each), according to the following treatment protocols: group 1 (PDT1): PDT (660 nm, 100 mW, 60 seconds) with toluidine blue; group 2 (PDT2): PDT (660 nm, 100 mW, 60 seconds) with phenothiazine chloride dye; group 3 (LAD): light-emitting diode (LED) with toluidine blue; group 4 (toluidine blue): treatment with only toluidine blue for 60 seconds. In the positive control group, the implants were treated with a 0.2% chlorhexidine-based solution for 60 seconds, and in the negative control group, no treatment was used. Results: The highest bacterial reduction was recorded in the PDT1 (98.3%) and PDT2 (97.8%) groups. The results of this study showed that there was a statistically significant reduction of bacteria in the PDT1 and PDT2 groups compared with the negative control group (P < .05), individually for each bacterial species as well as for all three species together. LAD was less effective than PDT1 and PDT2, and did not show a statistically significant difference compared with the negative control or any other treatment group. Toluidine blue was the least effective treatment in terms of both the total bacterial count and the individual count for each bacterial species. Conclusion: Both PDT1 and PDT2 protocols showed a high efficacy against a 3-day-old bacterial biofilm on dental implants and were more effective compared with LAD. One of the oldest and most widely used commercial enzyme inhibitors is aspirin, Formula: C12H8ClNS, which selectively inhibits one of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of molecules that trigger inflammation. you can also check out more blogs about Formula: C12H8ClNS

Reference£º
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem

 

Let¡¯s face it, organic chemistry can seem difficult to learn. Especially from a beginner¡¯s point of view. Like 1910-85-6, Name is 1-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine. In a document type is Article, introducing its new discovery., COA of Formula: C12H8ClNS

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for the treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis: A histopathological evaluation

Introduction: This study evaluated the in vivo response of apical and periapical tissues of dogs’ teeth with apical periodontitis after one-session endodontic treatment with and without antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Methods: Sixty root canals with experimentally induced apical periodontitis were instrumented and assigned to 4 groups receiving aPDT and root canal filling (RCF) or not: group aPDT+/RCF+ (n = 20): aPDT (photosensitizer phenothiazine chloride at 10 mg/mL for 3 minutes and diode laser [lambda = 660 nm, 60 mW/cm2] for 1 minute) and RCF in the same session; group aPDT+/RCF- (n = 10); group aPDT-/RCF+ (n = 20), and group aPDT-/RCF- (n = 10). Teeth were restored, and the animals were killed after 90 days. Sections from the maxillas and mandibles were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Mallory trichrome and examined under light microscopy. Descriptive (ie, newly formed apical mineralized tissue, periapical inflammatory infiltrate, apical periodontal ligament thickness, and mineralized tissue resorption) and quantitative (ie, periapical lesion size and number of inflammatory cells) microscopic analysis was performed. Quantitative data were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (alpha =.05). Results: In the aPDT-treated groups, the periapical region was moderately/severely enlarged with no inflammatory cells, moderate neoangiogenesis and fibrogenesis, and the smallest periapical lesions. Conclusions: Although apical closure by mineralized tissue deposition was not achieved, the absence of inflammatory cells, moderate neoangiogenesis, and fibrogenesis in the periapical region in the groups treated with aPDT indicate that this can be a promising adjunct therapy to cleaning and shaping procedures in teeth with apical periodontitis undergoing one-session endodontic treatment. Copyright

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Reference£º
Thiazine – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,
Thiazine | C4H5NS – PubChem